持续集成是啥？ 就是软件工程的一种具体实践方式， 比较频繁的通过自动化的方式来验证（编译，发布，自动化测试）各个阶段的错误。 ci/cd pic

gitlab在8.0及以后版本集成了持续集成工具:Runners，

Runners三个特定的runner:

  1. Shared Runners
  2. Specific Runners
  3. Group Runners

现在我gitlab使用的是gitlab.com没有自己搭建，所以我的理解：shared runner是gitalb提供的runners, Specific Runnders是运行在自己的服务器上的runner, Group Runners没有使用过暂时未知。

shared Runners是使用Docker做为开发环境，现在主要用它发布hexo page. 因为开发需要最近主要在测试Spicific Runners.

安装

Spicfic Runners 支持多平台主流的linux/macos/Windows都支持，具体可参考runners install

我的环境是ubuntu linux

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 curl -L https://packages.gitlab.com/install/repositories/runner/gitlab-runner/script.deb.sh | sudo bash

查看gitlab projects ->选择项目-> settings->CI/CD -> Runners -> Expand 记住Set up a specific Runner manually 的URL 和gitlab-token大致信息如下 specific runner set up

注册

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sudo gitlab-runner register

然后根据以下交互信息输入相关内容

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  Please enter the gitlab-ci coordinator URL (e.g. https://gitlab.com )
 https://gitlab.com
 Please enter the gitlab-ci token for this runner # gitlab-ci token
 xxx
 Please enter the gitlab-ci description for this runner #自己定义
 [hostame] my-runner
 Please enter the gitlab-ci tags for this runner (comma separated): #指定tag, 根据tag决定否出发此runner, 可以不指定
 my-tag,another-tag
 Please enter the executor: ssh, docker+machine, docker-ssh+machine, kubernetes, docker, parallels, virtualbox, docker-ssh, shell:
 docker

注册完成之后再项目的settings -> CI/CD -> Set up a specific Runner manually 下面会出现一个runner.

测试

注册成功之后，我们进入测试阶段， gitlab的Runners 继承仅仅需要在项目的根目录配置.gitlab-ci.yml即可。提交代码后，Runners会根据.gitlab-ci.yml的配置信息决定做CI/CD 现在我们写一个简单的测试

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before_script:
  - echo "Before script section"
  - echo "For example you might run an update here or install a build dependency"
  - echo "Or perhaps you might print out some debugging details"
   
after_script:
  - echo "After script section"
  - echo "For example you might do some cleanup here"
   
build1:
  stage: build
  script:
    - echo "Do your build here"
   
test1:
  stage: test
  script: 
    - echo "Do a test here"
    - echo "For example run a test suite"
   
test2:
  stage: test
  script: 
    - echo "Do another parallel test here"
    - echo "For example run a lint test"
   
deploy1:
  stage: deploy
  script:
    - pwd
    - ls
    - echo "Do your deploy here"

其实这个脚本啥也没干就是打印一下测试信息。 通过git 提交代码后在CI/CD -> Pipelines下面会看到执行结果。 大致结果如下

Pipline 状态

runner_Pipeline

stage 状态

runner_stage

runner执行结果

runner_info

参考资料